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Metopium toxiferum (L.) Krug & Urb.
Poisonwood, Florida poisontree

Metopium toxiferum
Copyright by: Keith A. Bradley

Family: Anacardiaceae

Group: Dicot

Substrate: Terrestrial

Habit: Tree

Perennation: Perennial

Native Range: Eastern South Florida and the Greater Antilles.

Map of select IRC data for peninsular Florida

IRC SOUTH FLORIDA Status: Secure

SOUTH FLORIDA Occurrence: Present

SOUTH FLORIDA Native Status: Native

SOUTH FLORIDA Cultivated Status: Cultivated

Comments: Visit our Natives For Your Neighborhood website for more information and images. For a digitized image of Elbert Little's Florida range map, visit the Exploring Florida website. See also a 2022 post on the Treasure Coast Natives blog about the toxicity and berries of Poisonwood.

Synonyms: Rhus metopium.

Other data on Metopium toxiferum available from :

Metopium toxiferum has been found in the following 128 conservation areas :
Occurrence Native Status
Alice C. Wainwright Park Possibly Extirpated Possibly Extirpated
Andrew Dodge Memorial Pineland Present Native
Atlantic Dunes Park Present Native
Attwood Addition, Indian Key Historic State Park Present Native
Bahia Honda State Park Present Native
Big Cypress National Preserve Present Native
Big Torch Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Native
Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park Present Native
Bill Sadowski Park Present Native
Biscayne National Park Present Native
Biscayne National Park, Florida Keys Section Present Native
Black Creek Forest Present Native
Blowing Rocks Preserve Present Native
Blue Heron Hammock, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Native
Boystown Pineland Present Native
Camp Owaissa Bauer Present Native
Camp Owaissa Bauer Addition Present Native
Castellow Hammock parcel 28 Present Native
Castellow Hammock Park Present Native
Chapman Field Park Present Native
Chernoff Hammock Present Native
Coral Reef Park Present Native
Crandon Park Present Native
Crocodile Lake National Wildlife Refuge Present Native
Curry Hammock State Park Present Native
Cypress Knee Slough Preserve Present Native
Dagny Johnson Key Largo Hammocks Botanical State Park Present Native
Deering Estate at Cutler Present Native
Dove Creek Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Native
Dr. Von D. Mizell-Eula Johnson State Park Present Native
Eachus Pineland Present Native
Enchanted Forest Park Present Native
Everglades National Park Present Native
Florida City Pineland Present Native
Frog Pond/L-31 N Transition Lands Present Native
Fuchs Hammock Preserve Present Native
George N. Avery Pineland Present Native
Girl Scouts South Miami Little House Present Native
Gold Coast Railroad Museum Present Native
Goulds Pineland Present Native
Grassy Waters Preserve Present Native
Great White Heron National Wildlife Refuge Present Native
Greynolds Park Present Native
Gulfstream Park Present Native
Harden Hammock Present Native
Hattie Bauer Hammock Present Native
Hobe Sound National Wildlife Refuge Present Native
Hobe Sound Sandhill Present Native
Holiday Hammock Present Native
Hollywood North Beach Regional Park Present Native
Hugh Taylor Birch State Park Present Native
Indian Key Historic State Park Present Native
Ingram Pineland Present Native
John D. MacArthur Beach State Park Present Native
John Kunkel Small Pineland Present Native
John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park Present Native
Jonathan Dickinson State Park Present Native
Juno Dunes Natural Area Present Native
Jupiter Inlet Lighthouse Outstanding Natural Area Present Native
Key West National Wildlife Refuge Present Native
Lake San Pedro Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Native
Larry and Penny Thompson Park Present Native
Lignumvitae Key Botanical State Park Present Native
Lignumvitae Key Botanical State Park, Klopp Tract Present Native
Little Hamaca Park Present Native
Little Torch Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Native
Loggerhead Park Present Native
Long Key State Park Present Native
Lucille Hammock Present Native
Ludlam Pineland Present Native
Luis Martinez United States Army Reserve Station, Richmond Pine Rocklands Present Native
Mangrove Preserve Present Native
Matheson Hammock Park Present Native
Medlock Pineland Present Native
Meissner Hammock Present Native
Middle Torch Hammocks Anderson, Lipchak, 3112 Parcels, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Native
Middle Torch Hammocks Parcel 3063, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Native
Moreno Pine Rockland Present Native
National Key Deer Refuge Present Native
Navy Wells Pineland 23 Present Native
Navy Wells Pineland 39 Native
Navy Wells Pineland Preserve Present Native
Ned Glenn Nature Preserve Present Native
Nixon Smiley Pineland Addition Present Native
Nixon Smiley Pineland Preserve Present Native
Northrop Pineland Present Native
Ocean Ridge Hammock Park Present Native
Oleta River State Park Present Native
Palm Drive Pineland Present Native
Pine Ridge Sanctuary Present Native
Pine Shore Preserve Present Native
Pond Apple Slough Natural Area Present Native
Porter-Russell Pineland Present Native
Quail Roost Pineland Present Native
R. Hardy Matheson Preserve Present Native
Radnor Beach Park Present Native
Ramrod Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Native
Red Reef Park, including Gumbo Limbo Nature Center Present Native
Rock Pit 39 Present Native
Rockdale Pineland Present Native
Ron Ehmann Park Present Native
School Board Property (Moody Drive and Turnpike) Native
Seminole Wayside Park Present Native
Sewell Park Present Native
Silver Palm Groves Present Native
Silver Palm Hammock Present Native
Simpson Park Present Native
Snake Creek Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Native
SOCSOUTH Present Native
South Beach Park Present Native
South Dade Wetlands Present Native
Southern Glades Present Native
Spanish River Park Present Native
Spoonbill Sound Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Native
Sugarloaf Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Native
Sunny Palms Pineland Present Native
Tamiami Pineland Complex Addition Present Native
The Barnacle State Historic Park Present Native
Torchwood Hammock Preserve Present Native
Trinity Pineland Present Native
Virginia Key Beach Park and Marine Stadium Present Native
Vizcaya Museum and Gardens Present Native
Wahoo Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Native
West Biscayne Pineland Present Native
West Lake Park/Anne Kolb Nature Center Present Native
Whispering Pines Hammock Preserve Present Native
Windley Key Fossil Reef Geological State Park Present Native
Zoo Miami Present Native

Metopium toxiferum has been found in the following 7 counties :
Occurrence Native Status
Broward County Native
Collier County Native
Martin County Native
Miami-Dade County Native
Monroe County (Keys) Native
Monroe County (Mainland) Native
Palm Beach County Native

Metopium toxiferum has been found in the following 12 habitats :
Coastal Berm
Coastal Strand
Disturbed Upland
Keys Cactus Barren
Maritime Hammock
Marl Prairie
Mesic Flatwoods
Mesic Hammock
Pine Rockland
Rockland Hammock
Scrub
Shell Mound

All Images:

Metopium toxiferum
Copyright by: Keith A. Bradley
Metopium toxiferum
Copyright by: Keith A. Bradley
Metopium toxiferum
Copyright by: James Johnson, 2014
In habitat, Everglades National Park, Florida
Metopium toxiferum
Copyright by: Keith A. Bradley
Metopium toxiferum
Copyright by: Keith A. Bradley
Metopium toxiferum
Copyright by: Keith A. Bradley
Metopium toxiferum
Copyright by: Keith A. Bradley
Metopium toxiferum
Copyright by: Shirley Denton
Metopium toxiferum
Copyright by: Keith A. Bradley
Metopium toxiferum
Copyright by: Keith A. Bradley
Metopium toxiferum
Copyright by: Keith A. Bradley