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Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Australian-pine, Horsetail casuarina

Casuarina equisetifolia
Copyright by: Shirley Denton

Family: Casuarinaceae

Group: Dicot

Substrate: Terrestrial

Habit: Tree

Perennation: Perennial

Native Range: Southeast Asia, Pacific Islands and Australia; cultivated and naturalized elsewhere.

Map of select IRC data for peninsular Florida

FLEPPC Status: Category I Invasive

SOUTH FLORIDA Occurrence: Present

SOUTH FLORIDA Native Status: Not Native, Naturalized

SOUTH FLORIDA Cultivated Status: Cultivated

Comments: Differs from C. cunninghamiana and C. glauca in lacking a brown transverse band near the base of the scalelike leaves. For more information and images, visit Florida Invasive Plant Species Mobile Field Guide (FLIP) or click on the Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants link below.

Other data on Casuarina equisetifolia available from :

Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants
Casuarina equisetifolia has been found in the following 163 conservation areas :
Occurrence Native Status
A.D. Doug Barnes Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Alice C. Wainwright Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Arch Creek Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge Present Not Native, Naturalized
Atlantic Dunes Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Attwood Addition, Indian Key Historic State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Bahia Honda State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Barefoot Beach Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Big Cypress National Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Big Torch Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Bill Sadowski Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Biscayne National Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Biscayne National Park, Florida Keys Section Present Not Native, Naturalized
Black Point Park and Marina Present Not Native, Naturalized
Blowing Rocks Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Blue Heron Hammock, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Bocilla Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Bonair Beach Parcel, Martin County Present Not Native, Naturalized
Caloosahatchee Creeks Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Camp Owaissa Bauer Present Not Native, Naturalized
Camp Owaissa Bauer Addition Possibly Extirpated Possibly Extirpated
Cape Romano - Ten Thousand Islands Aquatic Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Castellow Hammock parcel 28 Present Not Native, Naturalized
Cayo Costa State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Chapman Field Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Crandon Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Crocodile Lake National Wildlife Refuge Present Not Native, Naturalized
Crystal Lake Sand Pine Scrub Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Curry Hammock State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Cypress Knee Slough Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Dagny Johnson Key Largo Hammocks Botanical State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Danforth Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Deering Estate at Cutler Present Not Native, Naturalized
Delnor-Wiggins Pass State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Delray Beach, Lake Ida parcel Present Not Native, Naturalized
Delray Oaks Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Dolphin Center and Dolphin Center Addition Present Not Native, Naturalized
Don Pedro Island State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Doris Davis Forman Wilderness Preserve Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Dove Creek Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Dr. Von D. Mizell-Eula Johnson State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Dry Tortugas National Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Dupuis Reserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Eachus Pineland Present Not Native, Naturalized
Estero Bay Preserve State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Everglades and Francis S. Taylor Wildlife Management Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Everglades National Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Fern Forest Nature Center Present Not Native, Naturalized
Fort Lauderdale Ex. Airport Gopher Tortoise Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Frenchman's Forest Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Frog Pond/L-31 N Transition Lands Present Not Native, Naturalized
Fuchs Hammock Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Gasparilla Island Conservation and Improvement Association tract A
Gasparilla Island State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
George N. Avery Pineland Present Not Native, Naturalized
Gold Coast Railroad Museum Present Not Native, Naturalized
Gomez Present Not Native, Naturalized
Gopher Tortoise Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Great White Heron National Wildlife Refuge Present Not Native, Naturalized
Greynolds Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Gulfstream Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Highland Oaks Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Highlands Scrub Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Hillsboro Pineland Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Hobe Sound National Wildlife Refuge Present Not Native, Naturalized
Hobe Sound Sandhill Present Not Native, Naturalized
Hollywood North Beach Regional Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Homestead Bayfront Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Hugh Taylor Birch State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
J.N. Ding Darling National Wildlife Refuge Present Not Native, Naturalized
J.W. Corbett Wildlife Management Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
John D. MacArthur Beach State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Jonathan Dickinson State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Juno Dunes Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Jupiter Inlet Lighthouse Outstanding Natural Area Not Native, Naturalized
Jupiter Ridge Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Key West National Wildlife Refuge Present Not Native, Naturalized
Koreshan State Historic Site Present Not Native, Naturalized
Lake Okeechobee Marshes Present Not Native, Naturalized
Lake San Pedro Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Larry and Penny Thompson Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Lignumvitae Key Botanical State Park Possibly Extirpated Not Native, Naturalized
Lignumvitae Key Botanical State Park, Klopp Tract Present Not Native, Naturalized
Little Hamaca Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Loggerhead Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Long Key Natural Area & Nature Center Present Not Native, Naturalized
Long Key State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Lovers Key State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Loxahatchee River Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Loxahatchee Slough Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Lucille Hammock Present Not Native, Naturalized
Mangrove Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Matanzas Pass Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Matheson Hammock Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Medlock Pineland Present Not Native, Naturalized
Middle Torch Hammocks Anderson, Lipchak, 3112 Parcels, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Military Trail Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Milton E. Thompson Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Miramar Pineland Present Not Native, Naturalized
Muscara Present Not Native, Naturalized
National Key Deer Refuge Present Not Native, Naturalized
Navy Wells Pineland 23 Present Not Native, Naturalized
Navy Wells Pineland 39 Not Native, Naturalized
Navy Wells Pineland Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Ocean Ridge Hammock Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Okeeheelee Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Oleta River State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Pal-Mar Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Peck Lake Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Phipps Ocean Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Picayune Strand State Forest Present Not Native, Naturalized
Pine Jog Environmental Sciences Center Present Not Native, Naturalized
Pond Apple Slough Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Porter-Russell Pineland Present Not Native, Naturalized
Prairie Pines Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Quail Roost Pineland Present Not Native, Naturalized
R. Hardy Matheson Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Radnor Beach Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Railhead Scrub Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Red Reef Park, including Gumbo Limbo Nature Center Assumed to be Present Not Native, Naturalized
Rock Pit 34 Present Not Native, Naturalized
Rock Pit 39 Present Not Native, Naturalized
Rockdale Pineland Present Not Native, Naturalized
Rookery Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Rosemary Ridge Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Rosemary Scrub Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Royal Palm Beach Pines Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
San Carlos Bay - Bunche Beach Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Savannas Preserve State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Seabranch Preserve State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Secret Woods Nature Center Present Not Native, Naturalized
Sewell Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Silver Palm Groves Present Not Native, Naturalized
Silver Palm Hammock Present Not Native, Naturalized
Snake Creek Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
SOCSOUTH Present Not Native, Naturalized
South Beach Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
South Dade Wetlands Present Not Native, Naturalized
Southern Glades Present Not Native, Naturalized
Spanish River Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Spoonbill Sound Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
St. Lucie Inlet Preserve State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Stump Pass Beach State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Sugarloaf Hammocks, Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Sunny Palms Pineland Present Not Native, Naturalized
Tall Cypress Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Ten Thousand Islands National Wildlife Refuge Present Not Native, Naturalized
Tigertail Beach County Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Torchwood Hammock Preserve Present Not Native, Naturalized
Tradewinds Park & Stables Present Not Native, Naturalized
Tree Island Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Trinity Pineland Present Not Native, Naturalized
Tropical Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Twin Rivers Present Not Native, Naturalized
Virginia Key Beach Park and Marine Stadium Present Not Native, Naturalized
West Biscayne Pineland Present Not Native, Naturalized
West Lake Park/Anne Kolb Nature Center Present Not Native, Naturalized
Windley Key Fossil Reef Geological State Park Present Not Native, Naturalized
Woodmont Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Yamato Scrub Natural Area Present Not Native, Naturalized
Zoo Miami Present Not Native, Naturalized

Casuarina equisetifolia has been found in the following 8 counties :
Occurrence Native Status
Broward County Not Native, Naturalized
Charlotte County Not Native, Naturalized
Collier County Not Native, Naturalized
Lee County Not Native, Naturalized
Martin County Not Native, Naturalized
Miami-Dade County Not Native, Naturalized
Monroe County (Keys) Not Native, Naturalized
Palm Beach County Not Native, Naturalized

Casuarina equisetifolia has been found in the following 18 habitats :
Bayhead
Beach Dune
Coastal Berm
Coastal Grassland
Coastal Strand
Disturbed Upland
Keys Cactus Barren
Mangrove swamp
Maritime Hammock
Marl Prairie
Mesic Flatwoods
Mesic Hammock
Pine Rockland
Prairie Hammock
Rockland Hammock
Salt Marsh
Scrubby Flatwoods
Shell Mound

All Images:

Casuarina equisetifolia
Copyright by: Shirley Denton
Casuarina equisetifolia
Copyright by: Keith A. Bradley
Casuarina equisetifolia
Copyright by: Keith A. Bradley
Casuarina equisetifolia
Copyright by: Keith A. Bradley
Casuarina equisetifolia
Copyright by: Keith A. Bradley