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Actinostachys pennula (Sw.) Hook.
Ray fern

Actinostachys pennula
Copyright by: Mike Rosenthal

Family: Schizaeaceae

Group: Pteridophyte

Substrate: Terrestrial

Habit: Herb

Perennation: Perennial

Native Range: Peninsular Florida, the West Indies (Cuba, Puerto Rico, Lesser Antilles), southern Mexico, Central America and South America. This species is very rare outside of South America.

Map of select IRC data for peninsular Florida

NatureServe Global Status: Secure

State of Florida Status: Endangered

Florida Natural Areas Inventory State Status: Critically Imperiled

IRC SOUTH FLORIDA Status: Critically Imperiled

SOUTH FLORIDA Occurrence: Present

SOUTH FLORIDA Native Status: Native

South Florida History and Distribution: Ranked as critically imperiled in Rare Plants of South Florida (Gann et al. 2002; pp 315-316) as Schizaea pennula, based on one occurrence in Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge. No recent records are known from this location, and searches should be conducted. However, it has been discovered in several other protected areas since 2002.

SOUTH FLORIDA Cultivated Status: Not Cultivated

Comments: See also, IRC’s report Vascular plant species of management concern in Everglades National Park (Gann 2015), page 49.

Synonyms: Schizaea pennula.

Other data on Actinostachys pennula available from :

Actinostachys pennula has been found in the following 6 conservation areas :
Occurrence Native Status
Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge Present Native
Big Cypress National Preserve Present Native
Everglades National Park Presumed Extirpated Presumed Extirpated
Prairie Pines Preserve Present Native
South Dade Wetlands Present Native
Southern Glades Present Native

Actinostachys pennula has been found in the following 4 counties :
Occurrence Native Status
Collier County Native
Lee County Native
Miami-Dade County Native
Palm Beach County Native

Actinostachys pennula has been found in the following 4 habitats :
Alluvial Forest
Bayhead
Mesic Flatwoods
Rockland Hammock

All Images:

Actinostachys pennula
Copyright by: Mike Rosenthal
Actinostachys pennula
Copyright by: George D. Gann
In habitat, El Llano Bosque de Orey, Costa Rica, 2006
Actinostachys pennula
Copyright by: Steven W. Woodmansee
Actinostachys pennula
Copyright by: Mike Rosenthal
Actinostachys pennula
Copyright by: Steven W. Woodmansee
Actinostachys pennula
Copyright by: Steven W. Woodmansee
Actinostachys pennula
Copyright by: John Kunkel Small
from Ferns of Florida, 1931 (public domain)