General Landscape Uses:
Water gardens and along pond and lake edges.
Availability:
Grown by enthusiasts and occasionally by native plant nurseries.
Description: Medium herb.
Dimensions: Typically 1-2 feet in height. About as broad as tall.
Growth Rate: Moderate.
Range:
Eastern and central United States west to Texas and south to Miami-Dade County and the Monroe County mainland.
Map of select IRC data from peninsular Florida.
Map of suggested ZIP codes from South Florida north to southern Brevard, Osceola, Polk, and Pasco counties.
Map of ZIP codes with habitat recommendations from the Monroe County Keys north to Martin and Charlotte counties.
Habitats: Swamps and marshes.
Soils: Wet, poorly-drained organic soils.
Nutritional Requirements: Moderate; can grow in nutrient poor soils, but needs some organic content to thrive.
Salt Water Tolerance: Low; does not tolerate flooding by salt or brackish water.
Salt Wind Tolerance: Low; salt wind may burn the leaves.
Drought Tolerance: Low; requires moist to wet soils and is intolerant of long periods of drought.
Light Requirements: Full sun to light shade or moderate shade.
Flower Color: Green.
Flower Characteristics: Inconspicuous.
Flowering Season: All year.
Fruit: Red berry aggregated into a globular body.
Wildlife and Ecology: Provides food for birds.
References: Miami-Dade County Landscape Manual
(2005).
