Landscape Uses:
Ecological Restoration Notes:
Availability:
	Grown by enthusiasts.
Description:
	Deciduous, clump-forming wildflower 1-4 feet tall with blueish green stems. Narrow leaves 2-6 inches long. Small yellow flowers in clusters.
Height:
	Typically 1-4 feet in height.
Growth Rate:
Range:
	Eastern half of the United States from Maine to Wisconsin south to Escambia to Leon counties. A population is also present in Suwanee county.
Habitats:
	Shaded woods, bluff forests, river slopes.
Soils:
	Moist, well-drained sandy or limestone soils, with humusy top layer.
Nutritional Requirements:
	Moderate; can grow in nutrient poor soils, but needs some organic content to thrive.
Salt Water Tolerance:
	Low; does not tolerate long-term flooding by salt or brackish water.
Salt Wind Tolerance:
	Low; salt wind may burn the leaves.
Drought Tolerance:
	Moderate; generally requires moist soils, but tolerant of short periods of drought once established.
Light Requirements:
	Light shade to full sun.
Flower Color:
	Yellow.
Flower Characteristics:
	Showy.
Flowering Season:
	Late summer to fall.
Fruit:
	Nutlets with fluff.
Wildlife and Ecology:
	Attracts pollinators.
Horticultural Notes:
Comments:
	We have been adding data for this species for central and northern Florida and welcome any feedback or review. If you would like to contribute information or images, please contact George Gann via the IRC staff page.