Sand pine
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Pinus clausa
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Pinaceae
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Landscape Uses:
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Primarily recommended for natural landscapes and habitat restorations. It can also be an attractive accent tree in parks and large residential yards. |
Ecological Restoration Notes: |
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A key element of scrub, and the only canopy tree. |
Availability: |
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Grown by one or two native plant nurseries in South Florida. |
Description: |
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Medium to large tree with a cylindrical to conical crown composed of numerous branches. Trunks to 1 foot or more in diameter. Bark gray, thin, brittle, with flaky scales, relatively smooth when young. Needles in bundles of 2s, about 2-3 1/2 inches long. |
Height: |
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Typically 20-40 feet in height in South Florida; to 106 feet in Florida. Taller than broad. |
Growth Rate: |
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Slow to moderate. |
Range: |
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Southeastern United States south to Broward and Collier counties. For a digitized image of Elbert Little's Florida range map, visit the Exploring Florida website. |
Habitats: |
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Scrub. |
Soils: |
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Dry, well-drained sandy soils, without humus. |
Nutritional Requirements: |
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Low; it grows in nutrient poor soils. |
Salt Water Tolerance: |
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Low; does not tolerate long-term flooding by salt or brackish water. |
Salt Wind Tolerance: |
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Moderate; grows near salt water, but is protected from direct salt spray by other vegetation. |
Drought Tolerance: |
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High; does not require any supplemental water once established. |
Light Requirements: |
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Full sun. |
Flower Color: |
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Greenish turning brown. |
Flower Characteristics: |
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Cone. Pollination is by wind. |
Flowering Season: |
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Spring. |
Fruit: |
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Short-stalked brown cone, 2-3" long. Some cones open when mature, other remain closed for 2-4 years or longer, opening irregularly or following fire. |
Wildlife and Ecology: |
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Provides moderate amounts of food and cover for wildlife. |
Horticultural Notes: |
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Can be grown from seed. Growth is rapid at first. |
Comments: |
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A handsome pine tree for extremely dry soils in South Florida. The trees are flammable, however, and are best kept away from structures such as houses and office buildings. |
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